International human rights law

International human rights law, lays down the obligations of Governments to act in
certain ways or to refrain from certain acts, in order to promote and protect human
rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals or groups.
One of the great achievements of the United Nations is the creation of a comprehensive
body of human rights law—a universal and internationally protected code to which all
nations can subscribe and all people aspire. The United Nations has defined a broad
range of internationally accepted rights, including civil, cultural, economic, political and
social rights. It has also established mechanisms to promote and protect these rights
and to assist states in carrying out their responsibilities.
The foundations of this body of law are the Charter, of the United Nations and the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the General Assembly in 1945 and
1948, respectively. Since then, the United Nations has gradually expanded human rights
law to encompass specific standards for women, children, persons with disabilities,
minorities and other vulnerable groups, who now possess rights that protect them from
discrimination that had long been common in many societies. The doctrine of human
rights has been highly influential within international law and global and regional
institutions. Actions by states and non-governmental organization’s form a basis of
public policy worldwide. The idea of human rights suggests that "if the public discourse
of peacetime global society can be said to have a common moral language, it is that of
human rights". The strong claims made by the doctrine of human rights continue to
provoke considerable skepticism and debates about the content, nature and
justifications of human rights to this day. The precise meaning of the term right is
controversial and is the subject of continued philosophical debate; while there is
consensus that human rights encompasses a wide variety of rights such as the right to
a fair trial, protection against enslavement, prohibition of genocide, free speech or a
right to education, there is disagreement about which of these particular rights should

be included within the general framework of human rights; some thinkers suggest that
human rights should be a minimum requirement to avoid the worst-case abuses, while
others see it as a higher standard. It has also been argued that human rights are "God-
given", although this notion has been criticized.

Irinyenikan Daniel Oluwatomisin, Sumy State University, student from Nigeria

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o.tuliakov@uabs.sumdu.edu.ua

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Коментарі: 0Публікації: 233Реєстрація: 15-11-2021

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