The problem of human rights: current connotations

During World War II, camp prisoners endured systematic cruelty, beating, starvation and torture, Doctors, including the notorious Dr Mengele, performed brutal experiments. The Nazi government depended on slave labour. Conditions in camps were brutal and degrading and often resulted in deaths. In the Russia Ukraine war, The Commission found that some Russian Federation soldiers committed sexual and gender-based violence crimes and had further documented cases in which children had been raped, tortured, unlawfully confined, killed and injured in indiscriminate attacks with explosive weapons. Russian forces have targeted health care facilities, schools, and civilian neighbourhoods. They have executed unarmed civilians.
The foundations of this body of law are the Charter, of the United Nations and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the General Assembly in 1945 and 1948, respectively.
Since then, the United Nations has gradually expanded human rights law to encompass specific standards for women, children, persons with disabilities, minorities, and other vulnerable groups, who now possess rights that protect them from discrimination that had long been common in many societies. The doctrine of human rights has been highly influential within international law and global and regional institutions. "Actions by states and non-governmental organizations forma basis of public policy worldwide." (“gricpbangalore – Karnataka”) The idea of human rightssuggests that "if the public discourse of peacetime global society can be said to have a commonmoral language, it is that of human rights". The strong claims made by the doctrine of human
rights continue to provoke considerable scepticism and debates about the content, nature, andjustifications of human rights to this day. The precise meaning of the term right is controversialand is the subject of continued philosophical debate; while there is consensus that human rightsencompass a wide variety of rights such as the right to a fair trial, protection against enslavement, prohibition of genocide, free speech or a right to education, there is disagreementabout which of these particular rights should be included within the general framework of human rights; some thinkers suggest that human rights should be a minimum requirement to avoid the worst-case abuses, while others see it as a higher standard. It has also been argued that human rights are "God-given", although this notion has been criticized.
At the very first gathering of the UN General Assembly in 1946, delegates to the UN
reviewed a draft document called the Declaration on Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms. From this beginning, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was adopted in 1948. Most of the universally agreed upon human rights are codified in the UDHR, including the right to education; the right to rest and leisure; the right to work; the right to peaceful assembly; freedom of opinion, expressions and thought, and freedom from arbitrary arrest, detention, or exile. The UDHR received support with over fifty of the 58 Member States of the UN participating in the final drafting of the UDHR and was adopted with only eight nations abstaining from the vote. Despite the political, ideological, economic, cultural, and religiousdifferences among the UN member states, none of the member states voted against the declaration.

Immanuel Idealu, Sumy State University, student from Nigeria

 

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o.tuliakov@uabs.sumdu.edu.ua

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Коментарі: 0Публікації: 233Реєстрація: 15-11-2021

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